Blu-ray, also known as Blu-ray Disc (BD), is the name of a new optical disc format jointly developed by the Blu-ray Disc Association (BDA), a group of the world’s leading consumer electronics, personal computer and media manufacturers (including Apple, Dell, Hitachi, HP, JVC, LG, Mitsubishi, Panasonic, Pioneer, Philips, Samsung, Sharp, Sony, TDK and Thomson). The format was developed to enable recording, rewriting and playback of high-definition video (HD), as well as storing large amounts of data. The format offers more than five times the storage capacity of traditional DVDs and can hold up to 25GB on a single-layer disc and 50GB on a dual-layer disc. This extra capacity combined with the use of advanced video and audio codecs will offer consumers an unprecedented HD experience.
Blu-ray formater planlagte
As with conventional CDs and DVDs, Blu-ray plans to provide a wide range of formats including ROM/R/RW. The following formats are part of the Blu-ray Disc specification:
BD-ROM—read-only format for distribution of HD movies, games, software, etc.
BD-R—recordable format for HD video recording and PC data storage.
BD-RE-rewritable format til HD-videooptagelse og PC datalagring.
Der er også planer om en BD / DVD hybrid-format, der kombinerer Blu-ray og dvd på samme disk, så den kan spilles i både Blu-ray-afspillere og dvd-afspiller.
Data passer på en Blu-ray-disk
A single-layer disc can hold 25GB.
En dual-layer disk kan indeholde 50 GB.
For at sikre at Blu-ray Disc formatet er let udvides (fremtidssikret) også omfatter støtte til multi-layer discs, hvilket skulle gøre det muligt for lagerkapaciteten skal øges til 100 GB-200GB (25GB per lag) i fremtiden ved blot at tilføje flere lag til skiverne.
Video codecs Blu-ray support
MPEG-2 - forbedret til HD, også bruges til afspilning af dvd'er og HDTV-optagelser.
MPEG-4 AVC - en del af MPEG-4-standarden også kendt som H.264 (High Profile og Main Profile).
SMPTE VC-1 - standard baseret på Microsofts Windows Media Video (WMV)-teknologi.
Bemærk venligst, at dette betyder blot, at alle Blu-ray-afspillere og-optagere bliver nødt til at støtte afspilning af disse video codecs, vil det stadig være op til filmstudier til at beslutte, hvilken video codec (r), de anvender til deres udgivelser.
Audio codecs Blu-ray support
Linear PCM (LPCM) – up to 8 channels of uncompressed audio. (mandatory)
Dolby Digital (DD) - format, der bruges til dvd'er, 5.1 kanals surround sound.(Obligatorisk)
Dolby Digital Plus (DD +) - udvidelse af Dolby Digital, 7.1-kanals surround sound.(Valgfri)
Dolby TrueHD – lossless encoding of up to 8 channels of audio. (optional)
DTS Digital Surround – format used for DVDs, 5.1-channel surround sound. (mandatory)
DTS-HD High Resolution Audio – extension of DTS, 7.1-channel surround sound. (optional)
DTS-HD Master Audio – lossless encoding of up to 8 channels of audio. (optional)
Please note that this simply means that Blu-ray players and recorders will have to support playback of these audio codecs, it will still be up to the movie studios to decide which audio codec(s) they use for their releases.
Varianter
Mini Blu-ray Disc
The “Mini Blu-ray Disc” (also, “Mini-BD” and “Mini Blu-ray”) is a compact 8 cm (~3 in)-diameter variant of the Blu-ray Disc that can store approximately 7.5 GB of data. It is similar in concept to the MiniDVD and MiniCD. Recordable (BD-R) and rewritable (BD-RE) versions of Mini Blu-ray Disc have been developed specifically for compact camcorders and other compact recording devices.
Blu-ray Disc skrivbar
“Blu-ray Disc recordable” refers to two optical disc formats that can be recorded with an optical disc recorder. BD-Rs can be written to once, whereas BD-REs can be erased and re-recorded multiple times. The current practical maximum speed for Blu-ray Discs is about 12×. Higher speeds of rotation (10,000+ rpm) cause too much wobble for the discs to be written properly, as with the 20× and 52× maximum speeds, respectively, of standard DVDs and CDs.
Since September 2007, BD-RE is also available in the smaller 8 cm Mini Blu-ray Disc size.
On September 18, 2007, Pioneer and Mitsubishi codeveloped BD-R LTH (“Low to High” in groove recording), which features an organic dye recording layer that can be manufactured by modifying existing CD-R and DVD-R production equipment, significantly reducing manufacturing costs. In February 2008, Taiyo Yuden, Mitsubishi, and Maxell released the first BD-R LTH Discs, and in March 2008, Sony’s PlayStation 3 gained official support for BD-R LTH Discs with the 2.20 firmware update. In May 2009 Verbatim/Mitsubishi announced the industry’s first 6X BD-R LTH media, which allows recording a 25 GB disc in about 16 minutes.
Unlike the previous releases of 120 mm optical discs (i.e., CDs and standard DVDs), Blu-ray recorders hit the market almost simultaneously with Blu-ray’s debut.
BD9 and BD5
Den BD9 format blev foreslået til Blu-ray Disc Association af Warner Home Video som et omkostningseffektivt alternativ til 25/50 GB BD-ROM-diske.Formatet skulle bruge de samme codecs og programstruktur som Blu-ray Disc video, men registreres på billigere 8,5 GB dual-layer DVD.Denne røde laser medier kunne fremstilles på eksisterende DVD produktionslinjer med lavere produktionsomkostninger end 25/50 GB Blu-ray-medier.
Usage of BD9 for releasing content on “pressed” discs has never caught on. After the end of the format war, major producers ramped up the production of Blu-ray Discs and lowered their prices to the level of DVDs. On the other hand, the idea of using inexpensive DVD media became popular among individual users. A lower-capacity version of this format that uses single-layer 4.7 GB DVDs has been unofficially called BD5. Both formats are being used by individuals for recording high definition content in Blu-ray format onto recordable DVD media.
Trods det faktum, at BD9 formatet er blevet vedtaget som en del af BD-ROM grundlæggende format, støtter ingen af de eksisterende Blu-ray afspiller modeller det eksplicit.Som sådan er de diske optaget i BD9 og BD5 formater ikke garanteret at spille på standard Blu-ray Disc afspillere.
AVCHD og AVCREC også bruge billig medier som dvd'er, men i modsætning BD9 og BD5 disse formater har begrænset interaktivitet, codec typer, og datahastigheder.
BDXL
Den BDXL formatet understøtter 100 GB og 128 GB skrive-once-diske og 100 GB genskrivbare diske til kommercielle applikationer.Det blev fastlagt i juni 2010.
BD-R 3.0 Format Specification (BDXL) defined a multi-layered disc recordable in BDAV format with the speed of 2× and 4×, capable of 100/128 GB and usage of UDF2.5/2.6.
BD-RE 4.0 Format Specification (BDXL) defined a multi-layered disc rewritable in BDAV with the speed of 2× and 4×, capable of 100 GB and usage of UDF2.5 as file system.
BDXL discs are not compatible with existing BD drives, though a firmware update may be available for some newer drives.
IH-BD
The IH-BD (Intra-Hybrid Blu-ray) format includes a 25 GB write-once layer (BD-R) and a 25 GB read-only layer (BD-ROM), designed to work with existing Blu-ray Discs.
Region codes
Med gennemførelsen af region koder for DVD'er, der er Blu-ray Disc afspillere, der sælges i et bestemt geografisk område er designet til at afspille kun diske godkendt af indholdsudbyderen for denne region.Dette er beregnet til at tillade indholdsudbydere (filmstudierne osv.) til at gøre en effektiv prisdifferentiering mellem regionerne.Ifølge Blu-ray Disc Association, "alle Blu-ray Disc afspillere ... (og) Blu-ray Disc-computer-systemer er forpligtet til at støtte regionale kodning." Men "Anvendelse af regionens afspilning koder er frivillig for udbydere af indhold ... "Nogle aktuelle skøn 70% af de disponible [film] Blu-ray-diske fra de store studier er region-code-fri og kan derfor afspilles på enhver Blu-ray Disc-afspiller, i en region.
Movie studios have different region coding policies. Among major U.S. studios, Warner Bros., Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios, Sony Pictures and Walt Disney Pictures have released most of their titles region-free. MGM and Lions Gate Entertainment have released a mix of region-free and region-coded titles. 20th Century Fox have released most of their titles region-coded.
Blu-ray Disc region kodning ordning deler verden i tre regioner, mærket A, B og C.
|
Region Code |
Område |
|
A |
Omfatter de fleste Nord-, Central-og Sydamerika og de sydøstasiatiske lande plus Taiwan, Japan, Hong Kong, Macau og Korea. |
|
B |
Includes most European countries, African and Southwest Asian countries plus Australia and New Zealand. |
|
C |
Inkluderer de resterende centrale og sydlige asiatiske lande samt Kina og Rusland. |
Ingen Relaterede artikler
